Star topology: In a star topology, all devices are connected to a central hub or switch. It is a popular choice among many companies because it is easy to set up and manage. This isolates network problems as a problem with one device usually does not affect the others.
Bus Topology: In bus topology, all devices are connected to a central cable. This topology is less common today, but can still be found in some older networks. It is simple but less fault-tolerant compared to other topologies.
Ring Topology: In ring topology, devices are connected in a circle. Data travels through the loop until it reaches its destination. Ring topologies are less common in modern enterprises due to limitations in fault tolerance.
Mesh Topology: In a full mesh topology, every device is connected to every other device. It provides high redundancy and fault tolerance
Hybrid topology: Many organizations use a combination of different topologies to create a hybrid network that suits their needs. For example, they may have star topology in one segment and mesh topology in another segment.
Tree topology: A tree topology combines the features of a star and bus topology. It has a hierarchical structure where multiple star-structured networks are connected to a linear bus backbone.
Point-to-Point (P2P) Topology: In point-to-point topology, there is a direct connection between two devices. It is often used in WAN (Wide Area Network) connections between remote locations.
Client-Server Topology: In client-server topology, devices (clients) connect to a central server for resources and services. It is common in many organizations for centralized data management, file sharing and application hosting.
Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Topology: In a peer-to-peer topology, all devices are equal and can communicate directly without the need for a central server. This is often seen on small networks or distributed file shares.
Star-Bus Topology: It is a combination of star and bus topologies. The devices are organized in groups with a star configuration and these groups are connected in a linear bus arrangement.
Daisy Chain Topology: In daisy chain topology, devices are connected in a linear fashion like a chain. Data flows sequentially through each device. This is less common in modern networks due to limited fault tolerance.
The choice of topology depends on factors such as the size of the organization, its specific network requirements, budget constraints, and existing infrastructure. Many organizations today use a combination of these topologies in their networks to balance performance, fault tolerance, and scalability.